其。民其上。Wildbeastshatenets,andpeoplehatetheirsuperiors——

    伶州引

    心成城。口金。Ifeveryone’smindisputtogether,evenatowncanbebuilt.Everyone’sdeprecationofapieceofrealgoldcanturnitintofakegold——

    彪引

    善如登。如崩。

    Doinggooddeedswilltakepeopletoahigherlevel,anddoingbaddeedswillonlybringbadresults——

    暇豫歌

    暇豫之吾吾。不如。人皆集於苑。己集於枯。

    WordssungbyYouShi,whowasdispatchedbyLiJi,thekingofJin’sfavoriteconcubinetoadviseLiKetoseeclearlywhowasinpower,namely,LiJi’ssonwhowasjustcrownedasprince——

    人惠公

    佞之佞。果其田。之。果其。

    得而狃。逢其咎。田不。其。

    WordspeoplesaidaboutJin’sKingHui.Hebribedhiswayintokingshipbutdidnotpayhisbribe,andeventuallytheQinkingdominvaded——

    人共世子

    之也。孰是人斯而有是臭也。不。信不。

    斯刑。居幸生。不更厥。大命其。威兮兮。

    各聚有以待所兮。猗兮兮。心之哀兮。之二七。

    其靡有微兮。若翟公子。吾是之依兮。家。王妃兮。WordssaidaboutthedeadcrownprinceShenShengofJinkingdom.ApredictionaboutthefutureofJinisalsomade——

    叔詹引

    黍稷成。不能。黍不黍。不能蕃。

    稷不稷。不能蕃殖。所生不疑。唯德之基。

    Ifonehasacropofcornandmilletthatisnotgoingtoyieldagoodharvest,oneshouldjusteliminateit——

    周宣王童

    弧箕服。亡周。Achildren’ssongindicatingthecauseoftheendoftheZhoukingdom——

    稽郢引

    狐埋之而狐之。是以成功。

    Thefoxesburyitandthendigitup.Therefore,thefoxesneverdoanything——

    范蠡引

    觥不及飧。Abigemptybowlwillnoteliminatehunger,butapotofcookedricemixedwithwaterwill——

    歌

    策

    乎。食。

    乎。出。乎。以家。

    AsongsungbyFongXuan,wholivedoffwhatGentlemanMengChangprovided.Thesongwasabouthowhewantedtoeatfish,tohaveavehicle,andtohavehisfamilyprovidedforaswell——

    策

    大冠若箕。拄。攻狄不能下。枯丘。Achildren’ssongabouthowtheQigeneralTianDancouldnottakethecityofDi,sohecouldnottakeovertheZhaikingdom——

    田守即墨歌

    策

    何往矣。宗亡矣。亡日尚矣。於何矣。

    AsongsungbyTianDanbackwhenhewasstrandedbythearmyofYankingdom.Thewordssaythatifthesoldiersdonotbreakoutoftheimpasse,theywillhavenohome,andnocountrytogobackto——

    人王建歌

    策

    松邪柏邪。往建共者客邪。

    AsongsungbypeopleofQiabouttheirPrinceJian.ThesongpredictedthatwhenPrinceJianwenttoQinkingdom,hewouldbeconfinedtoaforestofpineandfir——

    辛引鄙

    策

    兔而犬。未晚也。亡羊而牢。未也。

    Lookingforthehoundonlywhenoneseesthehareisstillnottoolate.Mendingthefencewhenonelosesasheepisstillnottoolate——

    或引

    策

    君之乘下之。杖起之。

    Oneshouldgetoffone’svehiclewhenseeingtheking’svehiclecoming.Oneshouldstandupwhenseeingthatthekingisgettinghiscaneandisabouttoleave——

    孟君引鄙

    策

    借者之。借衣者被之。

    Whenoneborrowssomeoneelse’scar,onekeepsonridingthecar.Whenoneborrowssomeoneelse’sclothes,onekeepsonwearingthem——

    武王引

    策

    以御者。不於之情。以古制今者。不於事之。

    Onewhoridesonahorsebyreadingabookabouthorsesdoesnotknowhorseswell.Onewhousesanancientruletogovernthepresentdoesnotnecessarilyseethechangesthattakeplace——

    秦引鄙

    策

    口。牛後。

    Onewouldratherbethemouthofachickenthanbethebuttockofacow——

    公仲引

    策

    其所以者。Ifoneisrespected,itisonlybecauseoneshowsone’srespectforothersfirst——

    燕王引二

    策

    厚者不人以自益也。仁者不危人以要名。不心。不累物。仁不。智不功。

    Akindpersonwouldneverruinothersinordertogetbenefitforoneself.Akindpersonwouldneverdamageothersinordertoestablishfameforoneself.Whenoneisdiscussingamatter,one’sself-interestshouldnotgetintheway.Whenoneisdiscussinganobject,thatobjectshouldnotbedamagedintheprocess.Akindpersonwouldnotcutoffone’srelationwithanotherhastily.Awisepersonwouldneverbeeagertoaskforacknowledgmentofhisorhercontribution——

    易水歌

    策

    兮易水寒。士一去兮不。

    ThewindisblowingandthewaterofYiRiveriscold.Thecourageousmanwouldleaveforhismissionandneverreturn——

    虞美人和羽歌

    楚春秋

    兵已略地。四方楚歌。大王意。妾何聊生。TheHanarmyhastakenoverourterritory.Theyaresingingourfolksongstomakeoursoldierslosewillpower.MyKing!Youhavelostyourwillpoweraswell.HowcouldIlovelifeunderthesecircumstances?——

    扈子琴歌

    渚事

    王兮王兮邪。枉左右冤伍奢。奢允恨奔。

    普破都。鞭戮骸丘墓屠。申包胥人。王返未徂。ThemusicianofthekingofYuesangawarningofthedestructionofthekingdom,butKingZhaoneverheededthiswarning——

    後末京歌

    英雄逸文

    河。

    AsongconcerningthebirthofEmperorXiansunginthecapitalcityattheendofHandynasty——

    徐李相江南童

    五代史

    海上天。

    Achildren’ssongpredictingthecomingtopowerofLiShenginthesoutheastofChina——

    希沙童

    五代史

    湖南城郭好街。竟栽柳不栽槐。

    百姓奔一事。只是芒草鞋。Achildren’ssonginChangShapredictingthecomingunrestbecauseofthestrifeamongthelocalrulingMabrothers——

    希崇沙童

    五代史

    鞭打。走不暇。Achildren’ssonginChangShapredictingtheendoftheruleofthelocalwarlord——

    人似道

    塘事

    朝中宰相。湖上有平章。

    Theemperor’schiefadvisorisnotinthecourt.Helivesonthelakeandpracticesremotecontroloverthenationalaffairs——

    人咸淳省

    塘事

    正院天子。院除人。天眷。把比咸淳。

    Wordssaidabouttheessaytopicsinaprovincialcivilservicetest.ThetopicswereallrelatedtotheeranamesoftheenemystateJin——

    幼主即位京三元

    塘事

    在。不得。里路。行不得。幼而。不得。

    Wordssaidaboutthenamesofthetopthreeintellectualsinthenationalcivilservicetest.Theirnamesareinterpretednegativelytoreflecttheunpromisingfutureofthedynasty——

    人昴夫

    塘事

    臣君死。妻夫亡。

    Thesubjectshoulddiefortheemperorandthewifeshoulddieforherhusband.