实习四 食谱计算

一、食谱计算的目的

通过食谱计算了解膳食中平均每日摄取的各种营养素是否符合我国制定的营养素供给量标准。以了解居民健康状况,或根据病人的病情为临床营养治疗提供依据。

在计算时,应以5~7日的膳食,算出每人每日平均摄取量,因为每日的膳食都能达到标准要求是困难的。

以糖尿病人一日食谱进行计算,学会食谱计算的方法。

二、计算和评价的内容

1.计算各种食物中营养素的含量(实习表4-1);

2.三餐热能分配(实习表4-2);

3.热能来源及百分比(实习表4-3)

4.蛋白质来源百分比;

5.

实习表4-1 一日营养计算表

食物名称重量(g)蛋白质(g)脂肪(g)碳水化物(g)热能(kcal)粗纤维(g)钙(mg)磷(mg)铁(mg)VitA胡萝卜素硫胺素(mg)核黄素(mg)尼克酸(mg)VitC(mg)
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               
               

膳食计算实例

下列一日食谱系某医务工作者为糖尿病患者所编制的,计算其所供给的营养素含量,并加以讨论评价。

患者张三,男,45岁,身高170cm,体重71kg,办公室工作。

早餐:馒头,粥,炒牛肉

标二粙米50g 富强面粉75g

瘦牛肉50g 豆油5g

午餐:面条,炒肉丝,猪肉焖扁豆

富强面粉15g 瘦猪肉95g

扁豆120g 豆油10g

晚餐:米饭,肉丝炒芹菜,菠菜豆腐汤

标二籼米150g 瘦猪肉50g

芹菜150g 菠菜100g

豆腐200g 豆油10g

(以上食物均为可食部分)。

实习表4-2 三餐能量分配

餐别摄入量(g)产热能(kcal)百分比(%)
早餐   
中餐   
晚餐   
合计   

能量kcal也可换算成兆焦耳(MJ)后每日膳食中营养素供给量比较。

1000kcal=4.18MJ

实习表4-3 热能来源分配

营养素摄入量(g)产热能(kcal)百分比(%)
蛋白质   
脂肪   
碳水化物   
合计   

附表 食物成分表(食部100g)

类别名称食部(%)蛋白质(g)脂肪(g)碳水化合物(g)热能(kcal)粗纤维(g)钙(mg)磷(mg)铁(mg)胡萝卜素(mg)硫胺素(mg)核黄素(mg)尼克酸(mg)抗坏血酸(g)
粮食类籼稻米1007.81.376.63490.492032.400.190.061.60
粳 米1006.81.376.83460.381642.300.220.061.50
特粳米1006.70.777.93450.2101201.300.130.051.00
标准粉1009.91.874.63540.6382684.200.460.062.50
富强粉1009.41.475.03500.4251622.600.240.072.00
小米1009.73.572.83621.6292404.70.190.590.121.60
高粱米1008.42.775.63600.671804.10.010.260.091.50
玉米面1008.44.370.23531.5343673.50.130.310.102.00
莜麦面10015.08.564.83962.1583989.600.290.170.80
甜薯871.80.229.51270.518200.41.310.120.040.530
甜薯干1003.90.880.33441.41280.280.120.8
豆及豆制品类黄豆10036.518.435.34124.836757111.00.400.790.252.10
绿豆10022.71.256.83294.11113635.60.120.530.112.00
赤豆10021.70.860.73394.6763864.50.430.162.10
豇豆10022.02.055.53284.11004567.60.050.350.112.40
蚕豆10029.41.847.53242.1932256.20.390.272.60
黄豆芽10011.52.07.1921.0681021.80.030.170.110.84
绿豆芽1003.20.13.7290.723510.90.040.070.060.76
蚕豆芽8013.00.819.61380.61093828.20.030.170.142.07
豆浆1004.41.81.540025452.50.030.010.10
豆腐1007.43.52.7720.1277872.10.030.030.20
豆腐干10019.26.76.71640.21172044.60.050.050.10
油豆腐(泡)10039.637.711.854501915749.40.060.040.20
豆及豆制 品类豆腐乳10014.65.75.81330.616720012.00.040.160.50
粉条 1000.3084.4339027240.800
粉皮(干)1000.60.287.53540.10
鲜豆类毛豆4213.65.77.11342.11002196.40.280.336.101.725
扁豆932.80.25.4351.4116631.50.320.050.070.713
蚕豆239.00.712.7890.3152171.70.150.330.182.912
四季豆941.50.24.7270.844391.10.240.680.120.69
豆角952.40.24.7301.45.631.00.890.090.081.019
根茎类马铃薯882.30.116.6770.711641.20.010.100.030.416
芋头702.20.119.5800.619510.60.020.060.030.074
白萝卜780.605.7250.849340.50.020.020.040.0530
小红萝卜630.90.23.8210.523240.60.010.030.030.427
青萝卜941.10.16.6320.658270.40.320.020.030.331
凉薯911.40.211.9550.929281.600.030.020.52
胡萝卜890.10.37.6350.732300.63.620.020.050.313
圆洋葱791.808.0391.140501.80.030.020.28
大葱711.00.36.0310.512460.61.200.080.050.514
1001.40.78.5461.020457.00.180.010.040.44
蒜头294.40.223.01110.75440.400.240.030.93
冬笋394.10.15.7400.822560.10.080.080.080.61
茭白451.50.74230.64430.30.020.040.050.62
851.00.119.8850.719510.50.020.110.040.425
蔬菜类大白菜681.10.22.1150.461370.50.010.020.040.320
鸡毛菜1002.00.41.3170.675555.01.30.020.080.646
太古菜812.70.13.0240.8160514.42.630.080.150.658
油菜961.10.31.9150.5108301.01.70.020.110.640
卷心菜861.30.34.0240.962280.70.010.040.040.339
菠菜892.40.53.1270.772531.83.870.040.130.639
韭菜932.10.63.2271.148461.73.210.030.090.939
芹菜742.20.31.9190.6160618.50.110.030.040.36
雪里红852.80.62.9281.0235643.41.460.070.140.885
蕹菜752.30.34.5301.0100371.42.140.060.160.728
苋菜552.50.45341.1200464.81.920.040.141.335
莴菜490.60.11.9110.47312.00.020.030.020.51
菜花532.40.43.0250.818530.70.080.060.080.888
瓜果类西葫芦730.702.4120.72260.20.010.020.020.31
西红柿970.80.32.2150.48240.80.370.030.020.68
茄子962.30.13.1230.822310.40.040.030.040.53
青椒710.70.23.9200.810330.70.600.060.040.852
柿子椒860.90.23.8210.811270.70.360.040.040.789
丝瓜931.50.14.5250.528450.80.320.040.060.58
冬瓜760.402.4110.419120.30.010.010.020.316
黄瓜860.90.21.6110.319290.30.130.040.040.36
南瓜810.301.360.31190.12.400.050.060.34
西瓜541.204.2220.36100.20.170.020.020.23
甜瓜720.702.3120.32080.30.280.020.020.47
咸菜类腌雪里红962.00.13.3221.0250313.11.550.040.110.5
榨菜1004.10.29.2552.22801306.70.040.040.090.7
腌萝卜960.81.45.4370.9118311.10.020.030.040.4
腌芥菜头1004.0023.51101.73511235.40.030.151.4
酱黄瓜904.90.113.5750.9791658.4
酱小菜1004.71.016.8952.8579614.1
鲜果及干果类800.70.110.0440.441140.80.550.080.030.334
苹果810.40.513.0581.21190.30.080.010.010.1
葡萄870.40.68.2402.6470.80.040.050.010.2
730.80.110.7470.48201.20.060.010.020.76
901.2011.1491.926240.81.790.020.030.67
700.70.110.8473.110190.20.150.010.020.311
911.20.223.2991.614230.50.010.060.040.6540
红果690.70.222.1932.068202.10.820.020.050.489
香蕉561.20.619.5880.99310.60.250.020.050.76
菠萝530.40.39.3420.418280.50.080.080.020.224
红枣(干)853.30.472.83083.161551.60.010.060.151.212
西瓜子(炒)4031.839.119.15561.82377518.30.180.030.142.7
葵花子(炒)4624.654.49.96284.9453544.30.100.880.205.1
菌藻类蘑菇(鲜)972.90.22.4230.68661.30.110.163.34
香菇7213.01.854.02847.812441525.30.071.1318.9
海带1008.20.156.22589.711772161500.570.090.361.6
紫菜10028.20.248.53094.834345733.21.230.442.075.11
油脂及调味品类猪油(炼)100099.008910000000.010.10
植物油1000100090000000.0300.0400
芝麻酱10020.052.915.06.66.987053058.00.030.240.206.70
白糖1000.3099.03970821.9
红糖1000.4093.53760904.00.090.60
酱油1002.0017.2770.897315.000.010.131.50
甜面酱1007.32.127.31572.5511274.50.080.173.40
豆瓣酱10010.79.012.91751.6991657.90.060.241.50
1000.94651351.100.030.050.70
精盐10006201.6
肉及禽类肥瘦猪肉1009.559.80.9580061011.40.530.124.2
咸肉10014.421.83.32670311092.30.240.3
猪舌9616.512.71.81880201182.400.080.233.00
猪心7819.16.301330451022.500.340.525.71
猪肝10021.34.51.413101127025.087000.402.1116.218
猪肾8915.54.80.710802287.10.381.124.522
猪肚9214.62.91.490081441.40.050.182.50
猪血10018.90.40.6820
肥瘦牛肉10020.110.20172071700.900.070.156.0
牛肝10021.84.82.61410134009.0183000.392.3016.218
肥瘦羊肉10011.128.80.83070111292.000.070.134.80
羊肝10018.57.23.9154094146.6299000.423.5718.917
3421.52.50.71110111901.50.030.098.0
鸡肝10018.23.41.91110212608.2509000.381.6310.47
2416.57.50.51360111454.10.070.154.7
6610.811.20144013233.7
蛋类鸡蛋8514.711.61.61700552102.714400.160.310.1
鸭蛋878.79.810.31640712103.213800.150.370.1
水产类黄花鱼5717.60.8780331351.00.010.100.8
带鱼7218.17.41390241601.10.010.091.9
鲳鱼6415.66.60.21230192400.30.132.7
水产类青鱼6819.55.201250251710.80.130.121.7
鲢鱼4615.30.90690361870.60.020.152.7
鲤鱼6217.35.101150251751.60.103.1
鲫鱼4013.01.10.1620952420.50.062.3
咸带鱼6824.411.50.220201321131.00.010.181.6
墨鱼7313.00.71.4640141500.60.010.061.0
河虾2617.50.60760221230.10.020.081.9
对虾7020.60.70.2900351500.13600.010.111.7
虾米10047.60.5019508806956.700.030.064.1
虾皮10039.33.08.62190200010055.50.030.072.5
蛤蜊2010.81.64.6760378214.24000.030.151.7
乳及代乳品人乳1001.53.76.967034150.12500.010.040.16
牛乳1003.34.05.0690120930.21400.040.130.21
羊乳1003.84.14.36901401060.1800.050.130.3
代乳粉10017.110.262.94120.76533384.80.200.470.761.40

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